![]() It is maintained today as a backup to GPS., used beacons to fix Fix After World War I, gyro compasses became standard on large naval and merchant ships.Įlectronic position finding, or loran LORANĪ system of long-range navigation invented during World War II, in which pulsed signals sent out by 2 pairs of radio stations are used to determine the geographical position of a ship or airplane. It was particularly valuable as magnetic compasses proved less reliable on board steel ships. The direction of the North Pole from any place on the earth's surface, through which all meridians of longitude pass on maps and charts. Read More devise a gyroscope in 1911 that showed true north True North In 1908 he patented the gyrocompass and in 1910 set up the Sperry Gyroscope Company to build it. ![]() American engineer and inventor best known for his work on the gyrocompass. The availability of shipboard electricity let Elmer A. It holds its position relative to the rotation of the earth, when the flywheel is kept spinning. Its directive action is based on the mechanical laws governing the dynamics of rotating bodies. A mid-nineteenth century concept, not practicable until the twentieth, was the gyroscopic compass Gyroscopic compass gyro compass, gyrocompassĪn instrument receiving its directive force from a gyroscope operated by electric motors. Read More made these available to large vessels and then to anyone, in the late 20th century, due to electronic miniaturization. Stands for "radio detection and ranging." Radar was developed in World War II Using the science of the 1920s, developments during World War II in sonar Sonarĭerived from Sound Navigation and Ranging Device. By the mid 20th century, radio direction finding using beacons was common. Using the sun, moon, stars, and planets to find your location. Using electronic means and satellites to find your location or the location of other objects at sea., which has made celestial navigation Celestial navigation The twentieth was the age of electronic navigation Electronic navigation Charts use special symbols and abbreviations to convey information for mariners., and oceanography. Read More, factory-produced high quality instruments, charting ChartĪ nautical map giving navigation information, including: water depth shoals, rocks, and other dangers and aids to navigation such as lighthouses, buoys, and beacons. Longitude lines around the globe run north-south, and measure position east or west of a reference line. The nineteenth century was the century of longitude Longitude
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